CRE101: Critical Reading and Critical Thinking (Miller)

Peer review is the evaluation of work by one or more people of similar competence to the producers of the work (peers). It constitutes a form of self-regulation by qualified members of a profession within the relevant field. Peer review methods are employed to maintain standards of quality, improve performance, and provide credibility (definition courtesy of Epworth HelathCare Library).

One of the quickest ways to find peer reviewed research is to use the tools listed under "Finding the Evidence."

Here are some questions to ask:

• Is the article published in a scholarly, refereed or peer-reviewed journal?
• When was the article published?
• How rigorous are the research methods used in the article?  (see Levels of Evidence below for more information)
• What is the author's affiliation or qualifications?
• Who funded the study?  Is there a potential for bias in reporting results?

Along with seeking out peer review publications, consider the design of the study (research methods) used by the researchers.

Source: Vox.com

Examine the graphic pyramid below, which shows a simplified version of the hierarchy of different types of study designs.  Is the research method near the top of the pyramid or closer to the bottom? Studies at the top of the pyramid are often given more weight when problem solving.  Our class librarian, Kali Van Nimwegen, or your instructor can help you identify the level of evidence.  

For further information about study design and vocabulary frequently used in studies, click HERE!

*Meta-analyses and systematic reviews of observational studies and mechanistic studies are also possible. RCT, randomized controlled trial.  Source: Yetly, E., et al.