MUC109: Music Business

📝 Get Citation Help from the PC Library

Explore Our Citations Research Guide to:

• Understand plagiarism and how to avoid it.
• Recognize and properly credit sources.
• Learn citation styles: APA, CSE, MLA.
• Use online citation tools for hassle-free citing.

📝 Works Cited:
Your end of paper list of references should be titled: Works Cited and centered on the page.

🔤 Alphabetical Order:
Citations should be in alphabetical order by authors' last name.
If no author, alphabetize by the article title.

• 📖 The "A, An, The" Rule: Alphabetize by the next word. Example: "A Shot to the Heart" is listed under "S" for "Shot".

💻 Formatting:
Your paper should be typed and double-spaced, with 1" margins on all sides.
MLA recommends using 12 pt. Times New Roman font.

📌 Titles:
Use italics for larger works (books, websites, films).
Use "quotation marks" for shorter works (poems, songs, articles).

🔢 Page Numbers:
In the Works Cited list, precede page numbers with p. or pp..
Do not use these in in-text citations.

📅 Month Abbreviations:
Abbreviate months with five or more letters: Jan., Feb., Mar., Apr., Aug., Sept., Oct., Nov., Dec.
Do not abbreviate May, June, or July.

🚫 Missing Information:
Do not use placeholders like n.d. (no date) for missing information.

💡 Need Help Formatting?
▶️ Watch this video guide on MLA formatting in Microsoft Word.

📄 View a sample paper on the Purdue OWL MLA page.

💬 Still stuck? Ask the MLA for help.

🔧 MLA uses Core Elements to cite all types of sources.

• Use the punctuation shown after each element unless it is the final element, which should always end with a period.
• If an element does not apply to your source, leave it out.

👤 Authors/Contributors

• If there are more than two authors, list the first author, followed by a comma and et al.
• Additional roles like editor or translator are no longer abbreviated.

📅 Date of Access

• Including the date you accessed the resource is not required.
• MLA recommends adding the date of access if the source lacks a publication date (see page 53 of the MLA handbook).

📍 Location

• This refers to a locator within a container, not a city or geographic place.
• Use p. or pp. for page numbers in the Works Cited list only.
• Use DOIs when available.
• Add URLs (without http:// or https://). For database sources, you may use the database name instead (e.g., Academic Search Premier).

🏢 Publishers/Sponsors

• If the organization is both author and publisher, list it once—as the publisher.
• For websites, omit the publisher if it is the same as the site name (see MLA handbook p. 42).

🎧 Recordings

• Use time markers (e.g., 01:23–02:30) as you would use page numbers for print sources.